Contribution of GRACE Satellite Mission to the Determination of Orthometric/Normal Heights Corrected for Their Dynamics—A Case Study of Poland

Physical heights were traditionally determined without considering the dynamic processes of Earth induced from temporal mass variations. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission provided valuable data that allow estimation geoid/quasigeoid height changes vertical deformations Earth’s surface loading, thereby variations physical heights. objective this investigation is to discuss determination orthometric/normal transports within system. An approach determine such was proposed. First, (?H/?H*) using release 6 GRACE-based Global Geopotential Models together with load Love numbers obtained preliminary reference model. Then, those modelled predicted seasonal decomposition (SD) method. proposed tested on territory Poland. main results reveal ?H/?H* over area investigated are at level a couple centimetres they can be millimetre accuracy SD Orthometric/normal corrected for their dynamics by combining referred specific epoch.